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History

The Rulers of France From 840 Until 2000

October 10, 2012

More of this Feature
• France: Leading Statesmen
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• Reference Section
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France developed out of the Frankish kingdoms, and more directly, out of the declining Carolingian Empire. Opinions vary as to who the 'first' French king was, and the following list includes all of the transitional monarchs, including Louis I. Although Louis wasn't king of the modern entity we call France, all the later French Louis' (culminating with Louis XVIII in 1824) were numbered sequentially, using him as the starting point.
This is a chronological list of the people who have ruled France; the dates given are the periods of said rule.
Later Carolingian Transition
814 - 840 Louis I (not a king of 'France')
840 - 877 Charles II (the Bald)
877 - 879 Louis II (the Stammerer)
879 - 882 Louis III (joint with Carloman below)
879 - 884 Carloman (joint with Louis III above, until 882)
884 - 888 Charles the Fat
888 - 898 Eudes (also Odo) of Paris (non-Carolingian)
898 - 922 Charles III (the Simple)
922 - 923 Robert I (non-Carolingian)
923 - 936 Raoul (also Rudolf, non-Carolingian)
936 - 954 Louis IV (d'Outremer or The Foreigner)
954 - 986 Lothar (also Lothaire)
986 - 987 Louis V (the Do-Nothing)
Capetian Dynasty
987 - 996 Hugh Capet
996 - 1031 Robert II (the Pious)
1031 - 1060 Henry I
1060 - 1108 Philip I
1108 - 1137 Louis VI (the Fat)
1137 - 1180 Louis VII (the Young)
1180 - 1223 Philip II Augustus
1223 - 1226 Louis VIII (the Lion)
1226 - 1270 Louis IX (St. Louis)
1270 - 1285 Philip III (the Bold)
1285 - 1314 Philip IV (the Fair)
1314 - 1316 Louis X (the Stubborn)
1316 &nbspJohn I
1316 - 1322 Philip V (the Tall)
1322 - 1328 Charles IV (the Fair)
Valois Dynasty
1328 - 1350 Philip VI
1350 - 1364 John II (the Good)
1364 - 1380 Charles V (the Wise)
1380 - 1422 Charles VI (the Mad, Well-Beloved, or Foolish)
1422 - 1461 Charles VII (the Well-Served or Victorious)
1461 - 1483 Louis XI (the Spider)
1483 - 1498 Charles VIII (Father of his People)
1498 - 1515 Louis XII
1515 - 1547 Francis I
1547 - 1559 Henry II
1559 - 1560 Francis II
1560 - 1574 Charles IX
1574 - 1589 Henry III
Bourbon Dynasty
1589 - 1610 Henry IV
1610 - 1643 Louis XIII
1643 - 1715 Louis XIV (the Sun King)
1715 - 1774 Louis XV
1774 - 1792 Louis XVI
First Republic
1792 - 1795 National Convention
1795 - 1799 Directory (Directors)
1795 - 99 Paul François Jean Nicolas de Barras
1795 - 99 Jean-François Reubell
1795 - 99 Louis Marie La Revellíere-Lépeaux
1795 - 97 Lazare Nicolas Marguerite Carnot
1795 - 97 Etienne Le Tourneur
1797 François Marquis de Barthélemy
1797 - 99 Philippe Antoine Merlin de Douai
1797 - 98 François de Neufchâteau
1798 - 99 Jean Baptiste Comte de Treilhard
1799 Emmanuel Joseph Comte de Sieyés
1799 Roger Comte de Ducos
1799 Jean François Auguste Moulins
1799 Louis Gohier
1799 - 1804 Consulate
1st Consul: 1799 - 1804 Napoleon Bonaparte
2nd Consul: 1799 Emmanuel Joseph Comte de Sieyés,
1799 - 1804 Jean-Jacques Régis Cambacérès
3rd Consul: 1799 - 1799 Pierre-Roger Ducos
1799 - 1804 Charles François Lebrun
First Empire (emperors)
1804 - 1814 Napoleon I
1814 - 1815 Louis XVIII (king)
1815 Napoleon I (2nd time)
Bourbons (restored)
1814 - 1824 Louis XVIII
1824 - 1830 Charles X
Orleans
1830 - 1848 Louis Philippe
Second Republic (presidents)
1848 &nbspLouis Eugéne Cavaignac
1848 - 1852 Louis Napoleon (later Napoleon III)
Second Empire (emperors)
1852 - 1870 (Louis) Napoleon III
Third Republic (presidents)
1870 - 1871 Louis Jules Trochu (provisional)
1871 - 1873 Adolphe Thiers
1873 - 1879 Patrice de MacMahon
1879 - 1887 Jules Grévy
1887 - 1894 Sadi Carnot
1894 - 1895 Jean Casimir-Périer
1895 - 1899 Félix Faure
1899 - 1906 Emile Loubet
1906 - 1913 Armand Fallières
1913 - 1920 Raymond Poincaré
1920 &nbspPaul Deschanel
1920 - 1924 Alexandre Millerand
1924 - 1931 Gaston Doumergue
1931 - 1932 Paul Doumer
1932 - 1940 Albert Lebrun
Vichy Government (Chief of State)
1940 - 1944 Henri Philippe Petain
Provisional Government (presidents)
1944 - 1946 Charles de Gaulle
1946 Félix Gouin
1946 Georges Bidault
1946 Leon Blum
Fourth Republic (presidents)
1947 - 1954 Vincent Auriol
1954 - 1959 René Coty
Fifth Republic (presidents)
1959 - 1969 Charles de Gaulle
1969 - 1974 Georges Pompidou
1974 - 1981 Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
1981 - 1995 François Mitterand
1995 - Jacques Chirac


This is a chronological list of France's leading statesmen; the dates given are the periods of said rule. Although the title 'prime minister' was only officially introduced with the Fifth Republic, it can - and normally is - used to describe all of these individuals.
The Third Republic
1871 - 1873 Armand Dufaure
1873 - 1874 Albert de Broglie (2 terms)
1874 - 1875 Ernest Louis Octave Courtot de Cissey
1875 - 1876 Louis Joseph Buffet
1876 &nbspArmand Dufaure (2nd and 3rd terms)
1876 - 1877 Jules Simon
1877 &nbspAlbert Broglie (4th term)
1877 &nbspCaétan de Grimaudet de la Rochebouet
1877 - 1879 Armand Dufaure (3rd term)
1879 &nbspWilliam Henry Waddungton
1879 - 1880 Charles de Freycinet
1880 - 1881 Jules Ferry
1881 - 1882 Léon Gambetta
1882 &nbspCharles de Freycinet (2nd term)
1882 - 1883 Charles du Clerc
1883 &nbspArmand Falliéres
1883 - 1885 Jules Ferry (2nd term)
1885 &nbspHenri Brisson
1886 Charles de Freycinet (3rd term)
1886 - 1887 René Goblet
1887 Maurice Rouvier
1887 - 1888 Pierre Emmanuel Tirard
1888 - 1889 Charles Thomas Floquet
1889 - 1890 Pierre Emmanuel Tirard (2nd term)
1890 - 1892 Charles de Freycinet (4th term)
1892 Emile Loubet
1892 - 1893 Alexandre Joseph Ribot (2 terms)
1893 &nbspCharles du Puy
1893 - 1894 Jean Paul Casimir-Périer
1894 - 1895 Charles du Puy (2nd and 3rd terms)
1895 - 1895 Alexandre Joseph Ribot (3rd term)
1895 - 1896 L. Bourgeois
1896 - 1898 Jules Méline
1898 &nbspHenri Brisson (2nd term)
1989 - 1899 Charles du Puy (4th and 5th terms)
1899 - 1902 Pierre Waldeck-Rousseau
1902 - 1905 Emile Combes
1905 - 1906 Maurice Rouvier (2nd and 3rd terms)
1906 &nbspFerdinand Sarrien
1906 - 1909 Georges Clemenceau
1909 - 1911 Aristide Briand (2 terms)
1911 Antoine Emmanuel Ernest Monis
1911 - 1912 Joseph Caillaux
1912 - 1913 Raymond Poincaré
1913 &nbspAristide Briand (3rd and 4th terms)
1913 &nbspLouis Barthou
1913 - 1914 Gaston Doumerque
1914 &nbspAlexandre Joseph Ribot (4th term)
1914 - 1915 René Viviani (2 terms)
1915 - 1917 Aristide Briand (5th and 6th)
1917 &nbspAlexandre Félix Joseph Ribot (5th term)
1917 &nbspPaul Painlevé
1917 - 1920 Georges Clemenceau (2nd term)
1920 &nbspAlexandre Millerand (2 terms)
1920 - 1921 Georges Leygues
1921 - 1922 Aristide Briand (7th term)
1922 - 1924 Raymond Poincaré (2nd and 3rd terms)
1924 &nbspFrançois-Marsal
1924 - 1925 Edouard Hérriot
1925 &nbspPaul Painlevé (2nd and 3rd terms)
1925 - 1926 Aristide Briand (8th, 9th and 10th terms)
1926 &nbspEdouard Hérriot (2nd term)
1926 - 1929 Raymond Poincaré (4th and 5th term)
1929 &nbspAristide Briand (11th term)
1929 - 1930 André Tardieu
1930 &nbspCamille Chautemps
1930 &nbspAndré Tardieu (2nd term)
1930 - 1931 Théodore Steeg
1931 - 1932 Pierre Laval (3 terms)
1932 &nbspAndré Tardieu (3rd term)
1932 &nbspEdouard Hérriot (3rd term)
1932 - 1933 Joseph Paul-Boncourt
1933 &nbspEdouard Daladier
1933 &nbspAlbert Sarraut
1933 - 1934 Camille Chautemps (2nd term)
1934 &nbspEdouard Daladier (2nd term)
1934 &nbspGaston Doumerques (2nd term)
1934 - 1935 Pierre Etienne Flandin
1935 &nbspFernand Buisson
1935 - 1936 Pierre Laval (2nd term)
1936 &nbspAlbert Sarraut (2nd term)
1936 - 1937 Léon Blum
1937 - 1938 Camille Chautemps (3rd and 4th terms)
1938 &nbspLéon Blum (2nd term)
1938 - 1940 Edouard Daladier (3rd, 4th and 5th terms)
1940 &nbspPaul Reynaud
The Second World War
1940 - 1942 Henri Philippe Petain
1942 - 1944 Pierre Laval (3rd term)
1944 - 1946 Charles de Gaulle
1946 &nbspFelix Gouin
1946 &nbspGeorges Bidault
1946 - 1947 Léon Blum (3rd term)
The Fourth Republic
1947 &nbspPaul Ramadier (2 terms)
1947 - 1948 Robert Schuman
1948 &nbspAndré Marie
1948 &nbspRobert Schuman (3rd term)
1948 - 1949 Henri Queuille
1949 - 1950 Georges Bidault (2nd and 3rd term)
1950 &nbspHenri Queuille (2nd term)
1950 - 1951 René Pleven
1951 &nbspHenri Queuille (3rd term)
1951 - 1952 René Pleven (2nd term)
1952 &nbspEdgar Faure
1952 &nbspAntoine Pinay
1953 &nbspRené Mayer
1953 - 1954 Joseph Laniel (2 terms)
1954 - 1955 Pierre Mendés-France
1955 &nbspChristian Pineau
1955 - 1956 Edgar Faure (2nd time)
1956 - 1957 Guy Mollet
1957 &nbspMaurice Borgés-Maunory
1957 - 1958 Félix Gaillard
1958 &nbspPierre Pflimlin
1958 - 1959 Charles de Gaulle (2nd time)
The Fifth Republic
1959 - 1962 Michel Debré
1962 - 1968 Georges Pompidou
1968 - 1969 Maurice Couve de Murville
1969 - 1972 Jacques Chaban-Delmas
1972 - 1974 Pierre Messmer
1974 - 1976 Jacques Chirac
1976 - 1981 Raymond Barre (3 terms)
1981 - 1984 Pierre Mauroy (3 terms)
1984 - 1986 Laurent Fabius
1986 - 1988 Jacques Chirac (2nd time)
1998 - 1991 Michel Rocard
1991 - 1992 Edith Cresson
1992 - 1993 Pierre Bérégovoy
1993 - 1995 Edouard Balladur
1995 - 1997 Allain Juppé (2 terms)
1997 - Lionel Jospin


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